Dental Prof

Untreated dental caries in children with cerebral palsy in the brazilian context

International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???, -Not available-. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 2007 Objectives. To assess the prevalence of untreated dental caries in children with cerebral palsy and to assess socio-demographic, behavioural, and clinical covariates. Design. Cross-sectional ... (Source: International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry)

Association of hyperglycemia with dietary cyanogen and socio-economic level. the study of rural communities in south-east nigeria

Summary  An association of asymptomatic hyperglycemia with dietary cyanogens and socio-economic level was ascertained in 2,000 volunteers in rural communities in South-East Nigeria. The staples of the poor consisted of one or two bulky carbohydrate meals (derivatives of different species of cocoyam, cassava, yam and maize) eaten with vegetable soup in palm oil, melon seeds, snail, occasional meat and fish. The diet of the high income class included also beans, rice and more animal proteins. Alcohol (mainly palm wine) was consumed only occasionally. The subjects were divided into male and female and were age-matched into various age groups. Anthropometric data of each subject was obtained alongside the family history and socio-economic status. The subjects were further divided into low income vis-a-vis high income groups. All the subjects were normal volunteers, ambulatory, asymptomatic and free from chronic or acute illness. The fasting capillary whole blood glucose (FBG) and 2-h blood glucose following a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) of each subject were measured. The body mass index (BMI) and dental caries scoring of each subject were also determined. The FBG levels and 2-h blood glucose following OGTT were significantly elevated in all subjects particularly in the low income groups except in the under 18-year group. The increases were observed in males and females although glucose levels were lower in the female age groups. However, diagnosis of impaired glucose tolerance according to WHO criteria was present in both income groups. The BMI increased as the age increased particularly in the low income groups. There was a strong relationship between age, FBG, IGT and dental caries, respectively in the population. It is concluded that there was strong relationship between poverty, asymptomatic hyperglycemia, and impaired glucose tolerance in the area where cyanogen in diet was higher while there was marginal animal protein in the diet of the poor. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ContributionsDOI 10.1007/BF02732111Authors Jones O. Akpan, University of Calabar Department of Pharmacology Calabar NigeriaRonald L. Gingerich, Washington University Department of Pediatrics St. Louis Missouri USA Journal Acta DiabetologicaOnline ISSN 1432-5233Print ISSN 0940-5429 Journal Volume Volume 28 Journal Issue Volume 28, Number 1 / January, 1991 (Source: Acta Diabetologica)

An observational study of the association of fluoride varnish applied during well child visits and the prevention of early childhood caries in american indian children

Abstract   Objectives To determine if fluoride varnish applied at well child care visits would decrease the prevalence of dental caries in a group of American Indian children at high risk for early childhood caries. Methods This was an observational study in an American Indian community. Starting in 2002 all children received fluoride varnish applications at well child care visits at 9, 12, 15, 18, 24 and 30 months. The Head Start class of 2003 served as historical controls and students in 2004 and 2005 had increasing number of fluoride varnish treatments. All children entering Head Start from 2003 to 2005 had dental exams to determine the number of decayed, missing and filled surfaces (dmfs) present. The number of dmfs for each child was correlated with the number of fluoride varnish treatments received. Results Children with 4 or more treatments had 15.5 dmfs (95%CI 10.8–20.4) versus children with no fluoride varnish treatments who had 23.6 dmfs (95%CI 19.5–25.8) for a 35% decrease in overall caries. Children who received 1, 2 or 3 treatments showed no significant difference in dmfs when compared with children who had no fluoride varnish applications. Conclusions Fluoride varnish applied at well child care visits can reduce early childhood caries in American Indian children. Consideration should be given to making fluoride varnish more available to American Indian and Alaska Native children at well child visits. These findings may be applicable to other children who are at increased risk for early childhood caries. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10995-007-0294-0Authors Steve Holve, Tuba City Regional Health Care Corporation P. O. Box 600 Tuba City AZ 86045 USA Journal Maternal and Child Health JournalOnline ISSN 1573-6628Print ISSN 1092-7875 (Source: Maternal and Child Health Journal)

Cigna encourages consumers to “treat” their children’s oral health during national dental hygiene month

There's one creepy costume that might be hard to find in stores this Halloween and one that is more familiar to many children than some of the more common ghoulish selections - a decaying tooth. According to the U.S. Surgeon General, tooth decay, often referred to as cavities, affects one-fourth of U.S. children ages two to five. [click link for full article] (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Cloning and characterization of an alpha-enolase of the oral pathogen streptococcus mutans that binds human plasminogen.

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Cloning and characterization of an alpha-enolase of the oral pathogen Streptococcus mutans that binds human plasminogen.

Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Oct 24;

Authors: Jones MN, Holt RG

Streptococcus mutans is the etiologic agent of dental caries and is a causative agent of infective endocarditis. While the mechanisms by which S. mutans cells colonize heart tissue is not clear, it is thought that bacterial binding to extracellular matrix and blood conponents is crucial in the development of endocarditis. Previously, we have demonstrated that S. mutans cells have the capacity to bind and activate plasminogen to plasmin. Here we report the first cloning and characterization of an alpha-enolase of S. mutans that binds plasminogen. The functional identity of the purified recombinant alpha-enolase protein was confirmed by its ability to catalyze the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate. The protein exhibited a K(m) of 9.5mM and a V(max) of 31.0mM/min/mg. The alpha-enolase protein was localized in the cytoplasmic, cell wall and extracellular fractions of S. mutans. Binding studies using an immunoblot analysis revealed that human plasminogen binds to the enolase enzyme of S. mutans. These findings identify S. mutans alpha-enolase as a binding molecule used by this oral pathogen to interact with the blood component, plasminogen. Further studies of this interaction may be critical to understand the pathogenesis of endocarditis caused by S. mutans.

PMID: 17964283 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

(Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications)

Designing school programmes to be effective vehicles for changing oral hygiene behaviour

International Dental Journal 57(5_supp): 377-381 Schools are a commonly used setting for dental health education, health promotion and interventions with preventive agents. However, traditional dental health education programmes are rarely designed to be effective change agents. Twice daily tooth brushing with fluoride toothpaste has consistently been shown to be an important behaviour for controlling dental caries in children. Ideally, parents incorporate twice daily brushing into their child's hygiene routine. Families where brushing is irregular are over-represented in areas of socio-economic deprivation and the effects of irregular oral hygiene are often compounded by cariogenic diets. Therefore, in communities with high caries levels, a targeted community approach to prevention can provide additional benefit, through fluoride programmes delivered in school. It is essential that dental health education programmes are designed to recognise the social, cultural and environmental context in which the behaviours occur. This paper provides a new framework to classify school programmes. In addition, evidence-based guidance is developed of the necessary components for pro-grammes to enhance effectiveness in establishing the key behaviour of twice-daily tooth brushing with fluoridated toothpaste. (Source: International Dental Journal)

Prevalence of dental caries and treatment needs in the school-going children of rural areas in udaipur district

Dhar V, Jain A, Van Dyke TE, Kohli AJournal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2007 25(3):119-121 (Source: Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry)

Epidemiology of dental caries in chandigarh school children and trends over the last 25 years

Goyal A, Gauba K, Chawla HS, Kaur M, Kapur AJournal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2007 25(3):115-118 (Source: Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry)

Use of the generalized linear models in data related to dental caries index

Javali SB, Pandit Parameshwar VIndian Journal of Dental Research 2007 18(4):163-167 (Source: Table of Contents : Indian Journal of Dental Research : 2006 - 17(3))

The effect of mango and neem extract on four organisms causing dental caries: <i>streptococcus mutans</i>, <i>streptococcus salivavius, streptococcus mitis</i>, and <i>streptococcus sanguis</i>: an <i>in vitro </i>study

Prashant GM, Chandu GN, Murulikrishna KS, Shafiulla MDIndian Journal of Dental Research 2007 18(4):148-151 (Source: Table of Contents : Indian Journal of Dental Research : 2006 - 17(3))